The tangram is a dissection puzzle consisting of seven flat shapes, called tans,
which are put together to form shapes.
The objective of the puzzle is to form a specific shape (given only an outline or silhouette) using all seven pieces, which can not overlap. It is reputed to have been invented in China during the Song Dynasty and then carried over to Europe by trading ships in the early 19th century. It became very popular in Europe for a time then, and then again during World War I. It is one of the most popular dissection puzzles in the world.A Chinese psychologist has termed the tangram "the earliest psychological test in the world".
TANGRAM RULES
The objective of the puzzle is to form a specific shape (given only an outline or silhouette) using all seven pieces, which can not overlap. It is reputed to have been invented in China during the Song Dynasty and then carried over to Europe by trading ships in the early 19th century. It became very popular in Europe for a time then, and then again during World War I. It is one of the most popular dissection puzzles in the world.A Chinese psychologist has termed the tangram "the earliest psychological test in the world".
TANGRAM RULES
Pieces
Tangram is a puzzle made of seven flat shapes: five triangles,
a square and a parallelogram. The triangles are isosceles and right-angled
and they come in three different sizes: two large, one medium
and two small ones. The parallelogram's acute angles measure
π4 and the smallest side has the same length
as the square's side.
Taking
as an area unit the square's area, the pieces have the
following areas:
- area 2: large triangles
- area 1: square, parallelogram, medium triangle
- area
12 : small trianglesTangram Benefits
While the benefits of tangram puzzles can be seen in people of any age, they are most beneficial to young children.
They are a great hands-on activity that can be incorporated into the classroom or used at home. Below are the skills that tangram puzzles can help to develop:
- Problem-solving and logistical thinking:
- Creativity
- Geometrical concepts
- Spatial relationships
- Positive relationships with math
MATHEMATICAL APPLICATIONS OF TANGRAM
As stated above, tangram puzzles help children learn problem-solving skills and geometrical concepts. It is for this reason that they are often utilized in math classrooms. The tans can be used to teach the relationships between different basic shapes. For example, two triangles can be combined to make a square or a parallelogram, a parallelogram and two triangles can make a rectangle, and so on.
Tangram puzzles can also be used as an introduction to the concept of area. The students can use each tan as a unit of measurement and count how many tans it takes to fill different figures. Symmetry, congruence, similarity, and even fractions can be taught through different exercises using the tangram pieces. Students not only learn mathematical concepts through the completion of theses puzzles and accompanying exercises, but they also passively develop the problem-solving skills needed to effortlessly figure out the puzzles.
Egg Tangram puzzle or the Egg of Columbus or Magic Egg consists of nine pieces of geometric shape. The nine pieces can be arranged into various patterns, the most popular are birds. The goal of Egg Tangram is to rearrange the pieces to form other specific shapes. It is called flip, slide and turn, it is a very fun puzzle to do in the classroom. The process of arranging pieces together enhance students’ thinking skills, reasoning and visual problem solving skills.
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